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NATIONAL SURVEY OF RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT (R&D) IN MALAYSIA 2025 (FINANCIAL YEAR 2024)

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The survey covers all R&D activities, including projects funded by Federal and State Governments, the private sector, your organization's internal funds and foreign funds. This survey also covers research projects that your organization may have outsourced to others outside of your organization.

Data coverage: Financial Year 2024 (1 January - 31 December 2024)

Please complete the questionnaire within 15 days from the date of this questionnaire.

For enquiries, please contact:

Number: 012-833 8573 (Dr Jasmin (UPMCS)) / 013-638 9060 (Cik Amira (UPMCS)) / 019-6434708 (Pn Akma (UPMCS)) / 03-8885 8502 (Pn Nazeera (MASTIC)) / 03-8885 8113 (En Abdul Sahrul (MASTIC))
URL: mastic.mosti.gov.my
Email: [email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected]

General Information:

- The Malaysian Science and Technology Information Centre (MASTIC) has appointed UPM Consultancy & Services Sdn. Bhd. (UPMCS) to conduct the National Survey of Research & Development 2025.
- The main objective is to obtain comprehensive information and statistics on the status, progress and the flow of ACTIVITIES IN R&D IN MALAYSIA.
- The information provided by your company will be held in strict confidence. MASTIC and UPMCS will not disclose, release or publish any information that is identifiable to any individual, company, business unit or R&D company.
- You are requested to provide information related to your company and return the completed questionnaire to UPMCS.

RESPONDENT DETAILS

Name

Designation

Email address

Phone number

Office number

ORGANIZATION DETAIL

Organization Name

SSM Number

Address

Postcode

City

State

ORGANIZATION PROFILE

1. Please select only ONE option that best describes your organization type.

2. Please select the ONE industry sector that best describes your organization

3. If your organization operates in the Manufacturing sector, please select ONE manufacturing sub-sector that best describes your organization?

Semiconductor (MSIC 26101)

Automotive (MSIC 29101)

Automotive (MSIC 29102)

Automotive (MSIC 29300)

Others (Please specify)

4. Please indicate the ownership structure of your organization (%). Total ownership must equal 100%.

[Enter a number between 0 and 100 in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Ownership (%)
MALAYSIA
Bumiputera
Non-bumiputera
NON-MALAYSIA
Non-Malaysia
TOTAL OWNERSHIP (%)



Bumiputera
Non-bumiputera

Non-Malaysia
TOTAL OWNERSHIP (%)

Does the total ownership % in Q4 equal 100%?

Yes

5. Did your organization engage in any R&D activity in 2024?

Yes, conducted, and funded R&D activities (please complete the entire survey)

ⓘ

DEFINITION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D)

Comprise creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of humankind, culture, society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications.

CRITERIA FOR IDENTIFYING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D)

- Novel (to be aimed new findings)
- Creative (to be based on original concept/hypotheses; not obvious)
- Uncertain (to be uncertain about final outcome; cost, time allocation not known a priority)
- Systematic (to be planned an budgeted)
- Transferable and/or reproducible (potential to transfer new knowledge/reproduce results)

R&D INCLUDE:

- Subcontractors working on R&D projects carried out by your organization
- R&D projects funded by your organization, but totally carried out by other companies, or a subsidiary of your company

Yes, only funded R&D activity (please complete the survey, but skip Section 2)

ⓘ

DEFINITION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D)

CRITERIA FOR IDENTIFYING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D)

- Novel (to be aimed new findings)
- Creative (to be based on original concept/hypotheses; not obvious)
- Uncertain (to be uncertain about final outcome; cost, time allocation not known a priority)
- Systematic (to be planned an budgeted)
- Transferable and/or reproducible (potential to transfer new knowledge/reproduce results)

R&D INCLUDE:

- Subcontractors working on R&D projects carried out by your organization
- R&D projects funded by your organization, but totally carried out by other companies, or a subsidiary of your company

ⓘ

R&D EXCLUDE:

- Policy, management or efficiency related studies not novel, creative, uncertain, systematic or transferable
- General purpose or routine data collection

DEFINITION ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to computer systems that analyze data and generate outputs such as predictions, recommendations, content, or decisions using technologies like machine learning, deep learning, speech recognition, natural language processing, and computer vision.

WHAT COUNTS AS AI-RELATED R&D

- Developing new AI algorithms, models, or systems
- Improving existing AI technologies or methods
- Conducting experiments or testing to solve technical challenges in AI

WHAT DOES NOT COUNT AS AI-RELATED R&D

- Using existing AI tools or software without developing new technology
- Routine software development or system maintenance
- Customizing or applying AI tools for normal business operations

6. Does your organization actively develop, train, or customize its own Artificial Intelligence (AI) models or algorithms?

Yes

7. Which of the following AI activities are carried out as part of your organization's R&D activities?

Is your organization primarily operating in the Electric & Electronic (E&E) sector?

Yes

SECTION 1(a): R&D EXPENDITURE AND ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED

Please provide the best estimation of the total R&D expenditure in 2024

DEFINITION CURRENT EXPENDITURE

Composed of labour costs and other current costs (including for external R&D personnel) used in R&D. Services and items (including equipment) used and consumed within one year are current expenditures. Annual fees or rents for the use of fixed assets should be included in current expenditures (Frascati Manual, 2015).

DEFINITION LABOUR COST

- Sum of the basic annual salary and other emoluments (such as EPF contributions, medical benefits, performance bonuses, special allowances, housing and car loans of each personnel involved directly in R&D)
- Important: Should include only share/prorated labour cost for employed persons when they make a direct contribution to R&D, especially if such persons do not work full-time on R&D activities.

DEFINITION OPERATING COST

Such as consumables, repairs, maintenance, purchasing of materials, prototypes, subscription to reference to reference databases and commissioned work.

DEFINITION OTHER CURRENT COST

- Wages and salaries of personnel indirectly supporting R&D. Include only that part of their wages and salaries that is attributable to the indirect support of R&D (e.g. sum of paid salary and wages for GRAs)
- Non-capital purchase of materials, supplies, equipment and services (include water, fuel/gas and electricity)
- Books, journals, reference materials, subscriptions
- Materials for laboratories (chemicals, animals, etc.)
- Administrative and other overhead cost
- Royalties or licenses for the use of patents and other intellectual property rights
- Lease of capital goods and rental of buildings to support R&D
- Costs for computer software that is used for one year or less
- Cost for external R&D personnel

8. Current Expenditure

[Enter a number (0 or above) in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Amount spent (RM)
Labour Cost
Operating Cost
Other Current Cost
SUB-TOTAL (RM)


Labour Cost
Operating Cost
Other Current Cost
SUB-TOTAL (RM)

DEFINITION CAPITAL EXPENDITURE

Annual gross amount paid for the acquisition of fixed assets that are used repeatedly or continuously in the performance of R&D for more than one year. They should be reported in full for the period when they took place, whether developed in-house or acquired, and should not be registered as an element of depreciation (Frascati Manual, 2015).

LAND, BUILDING & OTHER STRUCTURES
If the land and buildings purchased are also used for production, please include only the portion used for R&D.

VEHICLES, PLANTS, SOFTWARE, MACHINERY & EQUIPMENT

If the assets purchased are also used for production, please include only the portion used for R&D.

9. Capital Expenditure

[Enter a number (0 or above) in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Amount Spent (RM)
Land, building & other structures
Vehicles, plants, software, machinery & equipment
SUB-TOTAL (RM)


Land, building & other structures
Vehicles, plants, software, machinery & equipment
SUB-TOTAL (RM)

TOTAL R&D EXPENDITURE IN 2024

Auto calculate

SECTION 1(b): R&D EXPENDITURE ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED (FIELD OF RESEARCH (FOR))

DEFINITION R&D EXPENDITURE BY FOR

Total intramural expenditure on R&D performed during a specific reference period, broken down by the field of research and development (UIS, 2019)

DEFINITION FOR

Represent R&D activities classified according to their scientific and academic disciplines. These disciplines tend to be universally applicable, with national variations arising from the grouping of different research fields (MRDCS, 2021)

10. Please choose your R&D activities on Field of Research (FOR) based on Malaysian Research and Development Classification System (MRDCS) 7th Edition. Click Link for more information about MRDCS. The sum of the expenditure breakdown must equal to 100%.

[You can select a maximum of three (3) FOR related to your R&D activities

	Division / Category / Group / Area	Percentage of R&D expenditure by FOR [Enter a number between 0 and 100 in each box for automatic total to be calculated]
1.
2.
3.
TOTAL PERCENTAGE (%)


1.
2.
3.
TOTAL PERCENTAGE (%)

Does the total percentage (%) of R&D expenditure by FOR in Q10 equal 100%?

Yes

SECTION 1 (c) : R&D EXPENDITURE ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED (SOCIO-ECONOMIC OBJECTIVE (SEO))

DEFINATION R&D EXPENDITURE BY SEO

Total intramural expenditure on R&D performed during a specific reference period, broken down by the Socio-Economic Objective.

DEFINITION SEO

Allows R&D activities to be categorized according to their purposes or presumed sectoral benefits as perceived by the researchers. It consists of discrete economical, social, environmental, technological or scientific domain for identifying the principal purpose of the R&D. This system shows greater national variation according to a nation's profile and development authorities.

11. Please choose your R&D activities on Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) based on Malaysian Research and Development Classification System (MRDCS) 7th Edition. Click Link for more information about MRDCS. The sum of the expenditure breakdown must equal to 100%.

[You can select a maximum of three (3) SEO related to your R&D activities]

	Socio-Economic	Percentage of R&D expenditure by SEO [Enter a number between 0 and 100 in each box for automatic total to be calculated]
1
2
3
TOTAL PERCENTAGE (%)


1
2
3
TOTAL PERCENTAGE (%)

Does the total percentage (%) of R&D expenditure by SEO in Q11 equal 100%?

Yes

SECTION 1 (d) : R&D EXPENDITURE ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED (TYPE OF RESEARCH)

DEFINITION R&D EXPENDITURE BY TYPE OF RESEARCH

Total intramural expenditure on R&D performed during a specific reference period, broken down by the types of activity; basic research, applied research and experimental development.

DEFINITION BASIC RESEARCH

Experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view.

DEFINITION APPLIED RESEARCH

Original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific, practical aim or objective.

DEFINITION EXPERIMENTAL DEVELOPMENT

Systematic work, drawing on knowledge gained from research and practical experience and producing additional knowledge, which is directed to producing new products or processes or to improving existing products or processes.

12. Which of the following type of R&D activities were carried out? The sum of the expenditure breakdown must equal to 100%.

[Enter a number between 0 and 100 in each box for automatic total to be calculated

	Percentage (%)
Basic Research
Applied Research
Experimental Development
TOTAL PERCENTAGE (%)


Basic Research
Applied Research
Experimental Development
TOTAL PERCENTAGE (%)

Does the total percentage (%) of R&D activities carried out in Q12 equal 100%?

Yes

[DO NOT SKIP] Does your organization only fund R&D activities but does not conduct R&D internally?

Please ensure that the answer is consistent with the selection in ORGANIZATION PROFILE Q5.

Yes

SECTION 2: R&D PERSONNEL

Please report all personnel employed directly in R&D or providing direct R&D services/support.
Please include permanent, temporary, full-time, part-time and contract staff.

HEADCOUNT (HC)

Data are data on the total number of persons who are mainly or partially employed in R&D

DEFINITION FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT (FTE)

The Full-time equivalent (FTE) of R&D personnel is defined as the ratio of working hours actually spent on R&D during a specific reference period (usually a calendar year) divided by the total number of hours conventionally worked in the same period by an individual or by a group (Frascati Manual, 2015).

HOW TO CALCULATE FTE?

FTE can calculate by month (Please refer to table below for an estimated FTE of an organization).

Example 2 (By percentage): If four (4) employees are engaged in R&D work, but one works solely on R&D projects, one works 50% of his working time, one works 30% of his working time and the remaining one devotes only 20% of his working time, then the FTE is estimated as follows:

FTE = 1 + 0.5 + 0.3 + 0.2 = 2

Estimated FTE (per individual)= 2/4 = 0.5

Example 1 (By month): If two (2) employees are engaged in R&D work, but one works solely on R&D projects and one works 1.5 months of his working time, then the FTE is estimated as below:

FTE = 1 + (1.5/12) = 1 + 0.13 = 1.13
Estimated FTE (per individual) = 1.13/2 = 0.57

DEFINITION RESEARCHER

- Professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge. They conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models, techniques instrumentation, software or operational methods. Researchers may be involved fully or partially in different types of activities (e.g. basic or applied research, experimental development, operating research equipment, project management, etc.) in any sector of the economy (Frascati Manual, 2015).
- Involved in basic or applied research, experimental development, operating research equipment, project management, etc. Identify options for new R&D activities and plan for and manage/lead them.
- Includes also managers and administrators engaged in the planning management of the scientific and technical aspects of researcher's work.
- Doctoral students at the ISCED Level 8 who are engaged as researchers should be included in R&D personnel and expenditure measures. Only students receiving salaries or grants should be included in the overall R&D personnel.
- Master's students at the ISCED Level 7 research master's programmes should be include in R&D personnel. Only master's students receiving some form of payment for their R&D activity or for which a significant FTE research component can be reliably identified and separated from the tuition component totals.

13. Researcher

Please provide headcount and number of full-time equivalent (FTE) researcher working on R&D in 2024

[Enter a number (0 or above) in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Malaysian Male (Headcount)	Malaysian Female (Headcount)	Non-Malaysian Male (Headcount)	Non-Malaysian Female (Headcount)	Total Headcount	Estimated FTE (per individual)	Estimated Total FTE	Annual Average Labour Cost per person (RM)	Estimated Labour Cost (RM)
Doctoral
Master
Bachelor
Others
TOTAL


Doctoral
Master
Bachelor
Others
TOTAL

DEFINITION TECHNICIAN

Technicians and equivalent staff are persons whose main tasks require technical knowledge and experience in one or more fields of engineering, the physical and life sciences, or the social sciences, humanities and the arts. They participate in R&D by performing scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts and operational methods and the use of research equipment, normally under the supervision of researchers (Frascati Manual, 2015).

DEFINITION SUPPORT STAFF

Other supporting staff includes skilled and unskilled craftsmen, and administrative, secretarial and clerical staff participating in R&D projects or directly associated with such projects (Frascati Manual, 2015).

14. Technician and Other Supporting Staff

Please provide headcount and number of full-time equivalent (FTE) technician and other supporting staff working on R&D in 2024

[Enter a number (0 or above) in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Male (Headcount)	Female (Headcount)	Total Headcount	Estimated FTE (per individual)	Estimated Total FTE	Annual Average Labour Cost per person (RM)	Estimated Labour Cost (RM)
Technician & equivalent staff
Other supporting staff
TOTAL


Technician & equivalent staff
Other supporting staff
TOTAL

ESTIMATED LABOUR COST (RM)

Please ensure that the labour cost stated here is consistent with the amount reported in SECTION 1(a)- Q8.

SECTION 3(a): R&D SOURCES OF FUND

Note: Sources should be the original sources providing funds

TOTAL R&D EXPENDITURE IN 2024 AS STATED IN SECTION 1(a)

15. Source of Funds
What were the source of R&D funds for 2024? Please indicate the breakdown of the source of fund for the R&D expenditure reported in SECTION 1 by percentage (%). The sum of the expenditure breakdown must equal to 100%.

[Enter a number between 0 and 100 in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Please state the fund(s)	Percentage (%)
Institution-owned fund(s)
Business enterprise
Federal Government R&D funds
State or Local Government Funds
Other Government Funds
Other Funds
Foreign Funds


Institution-owned fund(s)
Business enterprise
Federal Government R&D funds
State or Local Government Funds
Other Government Funds
Other Funds
Foreign Funds

TOTAL PERCENTAGE OF SOURCE OF FUNDS

The total percentage of source of funds must equal to 100%.

Does the total percentage (%) of source of funds in Q15 equal 100%?

Yes

SECTION 3 (b): R&D PROJECT LOCATION

16. Location of R&D projects in percentage activities (%)
Please indicate the location (by state) of the reported R&D project. If the project was conducted in more than one location, please indicate the breakdown (by percentage of research activities) carried out in the various locations. The sum of the expenditure breakdown must equal to 100%.

[Enter a number between 0 and 100 in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Percentage (%)
Johor
Kedah
Kelantan
Melaka
Negeri Sembilan
Pahang
Perak
Perlis
Pulau Pinang
Selangor
Terengganu
Sabah
Sarawak
WP Kuala Lumpur
WP Labuan
WP Putrajaya
TOTAL PERCENTAGE (%)


Johor
Kedah
Kelantan
Melaka
Negeri Sembilan
Pahang
Perak
Perlis
Pulau Pinang
Selangor
Terengganu
Sabah
Sarawak
WP Kuala Lumpur
WP Labuan
WP Putrajaya
TOTAL PERCENTAGE (%)

Does the total percentage for the location of R&D project activities in Q16 equal 100%?

Yes

SECTION 4 (a): R&D OUTSOURCED

17. In year 2024, did your organization outsource R&D projects to external organizations or individuals?

Include: Funding to a subsidiary of the organization

Don't include: Subcontractors working on R&D projects carried out by the organization

Yes

18. Reason(s) for outsourcing the R&D project(s)

Lack of skilled R&D personnel with requisite knowledge

Lack of facilities and equipment to conduct R&D activities

Others (Please specify)

SECTION 4 (b): R&D OUTSOURCED (PROJECT DETAILS)

19. R&D projects being outsourced BY YOUR ORGANIZATION

Please insert amount (RM) R&D project being outsourced

[Enter a number (0 or above) in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	To business enterprise and NGO	To Government Research Institute and Agency
Within Malaysia
Outside Malaysia
TOTAL (RM)


Within Malaysia
Outside Malaysia
TOTAL (RM)

20. R&D projects being outsourced TO YOUR ORGANIZATION

Please insert amount (RM) R&D project being outsourced

[Enter a number (0 or above) in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	From business enterprise and NGO	From Government Research Institute and Agency
Within Malaysia
Outside Malaysia
TOTAL (RM)


Within Malaysia
Outside Malaysia
TOTAL (RM)

21. Projects collaborated between your company and others (within or outside of Malaysia)

Please insert total collaboration of R&D project

[Enter a number (0 or above) in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Total number
Within Malaysia
Outside Malaysia
TOTAL


Within Malaysia
Outside Malaysia
TOTAL

SECTION 5: R&D OUTPUT

Please specify the R&D output attained by your organization in the financial year 2024

22. Publication

[Enter a number (0 or above) in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Total number
Book
Chapter in Book
Journal Article (Indexed by Scopus)
Journal Article (Others)
Conference Proceedings
Other Publications
TOTAL


Book
Chapter in Book
Journal Article (Indexed by Scopus)
Journal Article (Others)
Conference Proceedings
Other Publications
TOTAL

23. Intellectual Property

[Enter a number (0 or above) in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Total number
Patent Applied (Filed)
Patent Awarded (Granted in 2024)
Copyright
Trademark
Industrial Design
Patent Licensing and Technology Know-How Licensing
Total Number of Commercialised Product
TOTAL


Patent Applied (Filed)
Patent Awarded (Granted in 2024)
Copyright
Trademark
Industrial Design
Patent Licensing and Technology Know-How Licensing
Total Number of Commercialised Product
TOTAL

24. Revenue (RM)

[Enter a number (0 or above) in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Total Revenue (RM)
Licensing Revenue from Patents and New Technologies Developed
Commercialized Product Revenue
Royalties
TOTAL (RM)


Licensing Revenue from Patents and New Technologies Developed
Commercialized Product Revenue
Royalties
TOTAL (RM)

25. Commercialization

[Enter a number (0 or above) in each box for automatic total to be calculated]

	Total number
R&D projects successfully commercialized in 2024
Commercialised R&D projects that received government funding
Licensing, options, or assignment agreements related to R&D
R&D-related contracts, consultancies, collaborations, or direct technology/product sales entered
TOTAL


R&D projects successfully commercialized in 2024
Commercialised R&D projects that received government funding
Licensing, options, or assignment agreements related to R&D
R&D-related contracts, consultancies, collaborations, or direct technology/product sales entered
TOTAL

SECTION 6: R&D INCENTIVES

26. Has your organization benefited from any R&D incentives provided by the Government?

Yes (do not skip)

No (Skip to Q30)

27. Please choose the types of R&D incentives that your organization has benefited from:[Checkboxes]

R&D grant/matching grant

Pioneer status

Income tax exemption

Double deduction on revenue expenditure/cash contribution

Exemption on import duty, excise duty and sales tax on machinery/equipment, materials, raw materials and components parts and samples used for R&D

Investment tax allowance

Industrial building allowance for R&D activities

Other (Please Specify)

28. Please tick the problems faced by your company when applying for R&D incentives.[Checkboxes]

The application procedures are not clear

Decision by the Interview Panel is slow

Information on R&D incentives is not easily available

The definition of R&D incentives is not clear

Other problems (please specify)

29. Please tick the benefits your company has obtained from carrying out R&D activities[Checkboxes]

Improved company’s sales revenue

Increased technology transfer

Acquisition of new market(s) for goods and services

Procurement of external funding

Reduced cost/energy consumption

Improved quality of goods and services

Other (please specify)

30. Please tick the reasons as to why your company is not taking up of R&D incentives offered by the Government.[Checkboxes]

Sufficient internal financial resources

Obtained external R&D funding

R&D incentives are not suitable for our needs

Already applied, but the application was not successful

Not aware of the availability of R&D incentives offered by the Government

Concerns regarding data confidentiality and trade secret

Complex and bureaucratic application process

Others reasons (Please specify)

SECTION 7: FACTORS LIMITING THE R&D ACTIVITIES IN YOUR ORGANISATION

Please choose the factor(s) that prevent or limit your organization's involvement in R&D

31. Internal Factor

[Checkboxes]

Lack of R&D strategy/policy

Limited financial resources

Lack of skilled R&D personnel

Lack of infrastructure for R&D (space, equipment, etc.)

Lack of commitment by top management

Delay/Red tape in fund management

Poor management of R&D process

Lack of knowledge about scientific research

Poor reward system for R&D

32. External factors[Checkboxes]

Insufficient government funding

Increasing capital costs

Lack of R&D personnel with the requisite expertise

Lack of support services in R&D

Poor physical infrastructure to support R&D

Poor enforcement of intellectual property rights

Difficulty in collaborating with other public institutions

Difficulty in collaborating with other private agencies

Unclear Regulatory Framework

Data availability/quality issues

Supply chain limitations

Competition for talent from other high-technology sectors offering higher compensation

Competition from neighboring countries

33. Others (Please specify)

34. Sector identification

Is your organization primarily operating in the Electric & Electronic (E&E) sector?

Yes

SECTION 8: MANPOWER DEMAND IN MALAYSIA'S ELECTRIC & ELECTRONIC (E&E) SECTOR MALAYSIA

Please answer ALL questions completely based on your company's operations in Malaysia.

All information is strictly confidential and will be used only for talent development analysis and policy preparation by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI).

COMPANY INFO (E&E)

35. Main operation (HQ) location (Select one)

36. Current number of employees (total headcount in Malaysia)

<5 (micro)

5-49 (small)

50-199 (medium)

≥200 (big/MNC)

37. Main industry segment E&E based on the MSIC classification? (One answer only)

38. Secondary/other industry segment E&E of your company

LABOUR DEMAND

39. For each job group listed in (a) to (d), please indicate the positions available in your organization and provide the number of existing employees, vacancies, and estimated workforce requirements for the next 3–5 years.

	Job Group / Position	Number of Existing Employees	Number of Vacancies for Existing Positions	Estimated Workforce Requirement in the Next 3–5 Years
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15


1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

40. What levels of education do you prioritize when hiring for critical technical roles?

Select all that apply

[Checkboxes]

PhD

Master’s Degree

Bachelor’s Degree

Diploma / Technical Certificate

No formal education required

(Skills and experience prioritized)

41. Main sources of talent recruitment for the E&E sector

Select all that apply

[Checkboxes]

Local graduates

TVET

International recruitment

Internal upskilling

Interns

42. Company’s expenditure percentage for human capital development in R&D

What percentage (%) of the company’s total annual expenditure is allocated for employee skill enhancement (upskilling/reskilling) within the past year?

（100 characters most）

CHALLENGES & SUITABILITY

43. Main challenges in attracting skilled E&E talent

Select up to 3

[Checkboxes]

Lack of industry-specific technical skills

Competition for talent from other high-technology sectors offering higher compensation

Competition from neighboring countries

Graduates less interested in factory/shift work

Company location is not attractive

Others (please specify)

44. Company initiatives to enhance employee skill levels

Select all that apply

[Checkboxes]

Structured in-house training

Mentoring / professional coaching programmes

Industry–university / TVET collaboration programmes

Professional technical certifications

Access to industry training facilities or technology centres

Government-provided training programmes

Government incentives for high-technology investments

Others (please specify)

REQUIRED SUPPORT & ASSISTANCE

45. Most needed support to meet E&E talent demand

Please rank the following according to priority (1 = most important, 7 = least important) — the types of support your company needs to help meet the talent requirements in the E&E sector.

[Please sort the items]

High-technology innovation and development initiatives
Subsidies for hiring local engineers / technologists
Research and development (R&D) funding grants
Joint training incentives with universities / institutes / TVET
Subsidized in-house training
R&D collaboration
Through talent-matching platforms

46. Willingness to accept practical / apprenticeship students

Yes, actively

Yes, if incentives are provided

Not sure

SECTION 9: SUGGESTIONS TO ENHANCE R&D ACTIVITIES IN MALAYSIA

47. In order to enhance the effectiveness of R&D activities in Malaysia, particularly in your sector, what measures should the government take? （1000 characters most）

Evaluation object score

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